Latin+America

Mexico - Political Social Economic
 * controlled by PRI from 1940 to 2000
 * corrupted and lack of social improvements
 * 2000- PAN member becomes president
 * 1994 armed guerrilla movement called Zapatistas -> shows social issues
 * gov't joins North American Free Trade Agreement 1990s
 * gap between middle class and the very poor
 * 2nd largest US trade partner

Guatemala - Political Social Economic
 * Juan Jose Arevalo new president in 1944
 * new constitution -> used series of programs <= spiritual socialism
 * United Fruit Company + Arevalo's programs = conflicts
 * radical nationalist programs under Colonel Jacob Arbenz
 * gov;t fell after CIA helped b/c scared of communism
 * series of military gov't
 * pop was illiterate, poor health, high mortality rates
 * land/wealthy unequal

Cuba - Political Social Economic
 * military takeover by Castro over Batista -> dictatorship
 * sweeping reforms => isolation/kicking of foreign countries out of Cuba -> communism
 * tensions with the US and were backed by the SU
 * large middle class, literacy rate and health better than other regions
 * working/living condits = bad
 * fail to industrialize
 * turned towards the production of sugar but world's prices drop

South America - Political Social Economic
 * military very involved in gov't, military was professionalized and soldiers saw themselves as true representatives of nations
 * all over Latin America, military overthrew many gov'ts after disliking reforms said to be done = bureaucratic authoritarian regime
 * some areas returned military gov't to civilians = democratic after end of Cold War
 * US show some support to certain nations by invading and removing the gov;t
 * direct interventions => conservative gov't - banana republics
 * gains in health and literacy but landownership and social conditions of the poor unchanged
 * inequalities for women after WWI in workshops + politics
 * denied voting privileges until 1929 by Ecuador and 1932 in Brazil and Cuba
 * learned voting rights =/= political rights
 * feminist organizations, suffrage movements
 * women enter industrial jobs = expansion of classic roles
 * increasing pop as health increased and mortality decreased
 * migrations of peoples to job areas => cheap labor
 * people from poorer countries migrating to somewhat more "richer"/industrialized
 * inflations decreased, industrialization increased
 * international commerce in drugs = destabilization of gov't
 * private investments made by the US
 * "protectorate status"
 * urban economies unable to produce enough jobs

Key Changes ||  Basic Features at the End of the Period  ||  Causes and effects  ||  ·  ||  · authoritarian  ||  · authoritarian  · populism  · Moving towards democracy  ·  || <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · WWII <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Revolutions <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Democracy <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Controlling masses of people <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> ·  || <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> ·  ||^   ||^   || <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -0.25in;"> ·  || <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Migration of people to where jobs were <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Shifting towards capitalism <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -0.25in;"> ·  || <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Need for economic growth <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -0.25in;"> ·  || <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -0.25in;"> ·  ||^   ||^   || <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Religion remained important <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -0.25in;"> ·  || <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Growing nationalism <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · More military <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -0.25in;"> ·  || <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Faith of democracy <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -0.25in;"> ·  || <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -0.25in;"> ·  ||^   ||^   ||
 * Theme ||  Basic features at beginning of period  ||  Key Continuities
 * Political ideology  || <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Leaning towards authoritarian gov’t with military control
 * ^  ||^   || <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Moving towards democracy as US intervened
 * Economic || <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Agricultural economy  || <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Growth of jobs and industrialization
 * ^  ||^   || <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Social to economic gov’t
 * Social  || <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Religious influence  || <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Still poor
 * ^  ||^   || <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Women voting rights